Polydactyl highland lynx12/10/2023 ![]() ![]() They include both syndromic and non-syndromic postaxial, preaxial, and complex polydactylies. Total 4 entries were obtained using the mesh “polydactyly” in the OMIM and PubMed. The present review extends the classification presented by Malik (2014). While, the mesoaxial polydactyly is a very rare form of digit deformity involvingduplication of second, third, or fourth digits. The two most common types of polydactyly are postaxial polydactyly (PAP) categorized by an extra digit at the fifth finger or toe and preaxial polydactyly (PPD), having a digit (superfluous) attached on the greater toe or thumb side ( Winter and Tickle, 1993 Lange and Müller, 2017). ![]() Polydactyly occurs in both syndromic and non-syndromic forms. Phenotypically, polydactyly is an extremely heterogeneous deformity ( Temtamy and McKusick, 1978), with high tendency for the involvement of right hand than the left, upper limbs are more affected than the lower and left foot more affected than the right ( Castilla et al., 1973 Malik et al., 2014). Its occurrence is estimated 1.6–10.7/1000 in general population, 0.3–3.6/1000 in live births and males are often affected twice as females ( Mellin, 1963 Castilla et al., 1973). It is among the most common congenital limb anomaly observed immediately at birth, manifesting in a variety of forms, ranging from complete or incomplete duplication of digits. This situation was described as “superfluous fingers” in the 16th century by Ambrose Parey ( Bell, 1953). ![]() Polydactyly or polydactylism refers to the occurrence of supernumerary digits, toes or any complex duplication of digital parts. The term polydactyly, “poly means many and dactylos means digits” is acknowledged to the 17th century Kerchring (1988). This review provides an overview of the complex genetic mechanism underlie polydactyly and might help in genetic counseling and quick molecular diagnosis. In the present review, clinical, genetic and molecular characterization of the polydactyly types has been presented including the recent genes and loci identified for non-syndromic polydactyly. In humans, to-date at least 10 loci and six genes causing non-syndromic polydactyly have been identified, including the ZNF141, GLI3, MIPOL1, IQCE, PITX1, and the GLI1. Mostly inherited as an autosomal dominant entity with variable penetrance and caused by defects that occur in the anterior-posterior patterning of limb development. preaxial polydactyly (radial), central polydactyly (axial), and postaxial polydactyly (ulnar). Broadly, the non-syndromic polydactyly has been classified into three types, i.e. Polydactyly, also known as hyperdactyly or hexadactyly is the most common hereditary limb anomaly characterized by extra fingers or toes, with various associated morphologic phenotypes as part of a syndrome (syndromic polydactyly) or may occur as a separate event (non-syndromic polydactyly). 2Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.Their mom, Lydia, told me that Bob likes to pose for the camera, and I think Louie did a great job, too!Įllen Zangla Photography-Specializing in pets and the people who love them.Muhammad Umair 1* Farooq Ahmad 1 Muhammad Bilal 1 Wasim Ahmad 1 Majid Alfadhel 2 They were a lot of fun to photograph, and I know they enjoyed their session with me too, because their mom gave them a lot of treats. They basically stayed where their mom put them and and even let me reposition their paws.īoth Bob and Louie are polydactyl (some Highland Lynx are polydactyl, while others have regular paws), and I definitely wanted to make sure I emphasized their paws in some of the photos as they are huge and a true part of what makes them so unique looking. Not only stunning looking, but they also were very cooperative (I’m hoping their mom will let them give my three cats some lessons). Bob and Louie, these two strikingly beautiful Highland Lynx cats, were the exception. But anyone who photographs cats, professionally or otherwise, knows that cats don’t always like to be photographed (or, in general, do what you’d like them to do when you’d like them to do it, but that’s another blog post).
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